Random glucose >11.1 in a symptomatic patient is diagnostic of DM.
Fasted glucose 6-7 indicative of pre-diabetes
Other causes of diabetes:
- MODY
- Gestational diabetes
- Acromegaly
- Cushing’s
- Phaeochromocytoma
- Glucagonoma
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adulthood - T1DM: Associated with lack of obesity, other autoimmunity.
T1DM: anti-GAD, anti-insulin, anti-ICA, anti-IA2
Correction Factor = 100/TDD(insulin)
1u insulin will reduce BGL by the correction factor.
T2DM:
Adipocyte FFA leakage causes macrophage recruitment and TNFa and IL-6 release, leading to insulin resistance, particularly in hepatocytes and skeletal myocytes.
Ghrelin regulates hunger - produced in the stomach.
GLP-1 (from small intestinal L-cells) signals satiety, as does PYY and CCK.
MODY - Monogenic diabetes:
Age: = round((date(now) - this.file.ctime).days) days